Structure
もし + Phrase[たら](1)
(1) Phrase[ば]、Phrase[と]、Phrase[ても]
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Standard
About もし
もし is an adverb used to emphasize the nuance of 'if', with expressions like と, ば, なら, たら, and ても. Literally, the meaning of もし is close to 'while slight', or 'while small'.
To use もし, simply add it to the beginning of any phrase that uses one of the conditional expressions listed above.
Fun Fact
もし is sometimes seen written as 若し, a kanji which has the meaning of 'low in (A)', (also seen in the word 若い 'young'). It is from this kanji that もし gets its meaning of 'while low in (probability, number, age, experience)'.
Synonyms
なら
Were it, If, If it's the case, As for (Conditional)
Not studied yet
もしも~なら・もしも~でも
If, Supposing
Not studied yet
たら
When, From when, Just when, If
Not studied yet
ば
If… then, (Conditional)
Not studied yet
ても
Even if, Even though
Not studied yet
と
If, When, Whenever, And, [Conditional]
Not studied yet
たとえ〜ても
Even if…is the case, Supposing that
Not studied yet
Examples
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もし雨が降ったら、車で行く。
If it rains, I will go by car.
もし辛いものだったら、食べられない。
If it is spicy, I can't eat it.
もしコーヒーを買ってくれたら、嬉しい。
If you bought coffee for me, I would be happy.
もしこのパソコンを彼女にあげるなら、説明書も渡してね。
If you are going to give this computer to her, (make sure to) give her the manual too.
もし君が文法を勉強したら、日本語を喋れるようになるでしょう。
If you study grammar, you will become able to speak Japanese, right?
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