に基(もと)づいてBased on, In accordance with

"にもとづいて" usually implies a reference to a solid standard, rule, law, or system as a foundation or basis for something, such as a decision, conclusion, or action. "にしたがって", on the other hand, is usually used to indicate that something changes, develops, or varies in accordance with something else, such as trends, situations, or conditions. The latter can indicate a dynamic or changing relationship, while the former often implies adherence to a standard.

Both "によると/によれば" (ni yoru to/ni yoreba) and "にもとづいて" (ni motozuite) relate to information sources, but they aren't directly interchangeable. The former, "によると/によれば", is used to present second-hand information according to some source like a person or a document, similar to 'according to Mr. Sato' or 'according to the newspaper'. On the other hand, "にもとづいて" emphasizes a process or action that's carried out based on specific rules, information, or a foundation that provides a basis for the action, as in 'based on the user manual' or 'in accordance with the law'.

The Japanese grammar point に合わせて・に合った suggests a process of adjusting or choosing something to match or fit a certain circumstance or conditions. It implies a level of flexibility or adaptability, for example, choosing a course of action that suits one's skills or adjusting one's plans to fit someone else's schedule. On the other hand, にもとづいて implies that something is firmly based on or following from an established source, like a law, a standard, a fact, or a principle. This grammar point conveys making decisions or actions based on an already set precedent or information.

The phrase にもとづいて often implies a more direct or strict conformance to a specific foundation, rule, or principle. For example, it can be used when you build a theory or take action based on a specific theory or data. On the other hand, をもとに is more about deriving or creating something new from a given source or reference. It is often used when you create a story based on a true event or make a product using a specific material.

"にもとづいて" is generally used when something is based on or derived from a specific source, standard, or principle, like a decision being based on a particular law or rule. It indicates that the action or decision directly follows from that prerequisite. On the other hand, "を踏まえて" typically implies using some information, situation, or observation as a basis or reference point to consider or determine something else. It suggests that the action or decision has taken into account the referenced factor, as in making a judgement considering the current circumstances or previous experiences.

The term からして is used to take even a small part of something as a sample to judge or form an idea about the rest of it. It often implies a negative judgment and it does not require any evidence. On the other hand, にもとづいて is used to signal logic or evidence-based judgment or action. The primary purpose is to highlight the rational basis or source that something derives or depends on. It doesn't carry any negative connotation inherently.