Grammar Info

N1 Lesson 3: 9/19

の極(きわ)みUltimate, Extreme, Utter, Epitome, Peak

Structure

Noun + の + 極(きわ)み

Details

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    Formal

About の極み

When paired with a noun followed by the case-marking particle の, 極(きわ)み 'extremity' will indicate something that is 'the ultimate (A)', 'the extreme (A)', or 'the epitome of (A)'. This may be used in either positive or negative sentences.

As 極(きわ)み itself is a noun, it will often be followed by the auxiliary verb だ, or the conjunctive form で when going on to describe something that is as a result of (A).

Caution

の極(きわ)み is a structure that is paired with nouns, while 極(きわ)まる and 極(きわ)まりない are grammar patterns that will be paired with adjectives, despite the meanings being quite similar.

Examples

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    小説(しょうせつ)：「ダイモス王(おう)はこの報道(ほうどう)を聞(き)いて、驚(おどろ)きの極(きわ)みに達(たっ)しました。」

    Novel: 'Hearing the news, the King Daimos reached the very peak of surprise.'

    目上(めうえ)の人(ひと)にはじめて出会(であ)う時(とき)：「お目(め)に掛(か)かることができ、光栄(こうえい)の極(きわ)みです。」

    When meeting a superior for the first time: 'It is an extreme honor to be able to meet you.'

    レストランサイト：「寿司(すし) - 日本(にほん)の極(きわ)み、主(おも)に米飯(べいはん)に魚介類(ぎょかいるい)など組(く)み合(あ)わせた和食(わしょく)です。」

    Restaurant website: 'Sushi - the epitome of Japan. This Japanese-style meal is made by combining fish and shellfish with cooked rice.'

    地震(じしん)によってビルに閉(と)じ込(こ)められた人々(ひとびと)は混乱(こんらん)の極(きわ)みにあった。

    The people trapped in the building due to the earthquake were in extreme (utter) turmoil.

    釈迦(しゃか)様(さま)は当初(とうしょ)贅沢(ぜいたく)の極(きわ)みを尽(つ)くした生活(せいかつ)をしていた。

    At first, Buddha lived an utterly luxurious life.

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