時（とき）____遅（おそ）し。

電話（でんわ）料金（りょうきん）は____払（はら）い終（お）えました。

あなたの席（せき）は____ここと決（き）まっています。

僕（ぼく）が来（き）た時（とき）には、電気（でんき）は____つけてあった。

旅行（りょこう）に行（い）くための休（やす）みは____取（と）りました。

もう____お腹（なか）いっぱいで、これ以上（いじょう）は食（た）べられない。

一番（いちばん）乗（の）りだと思（おも）ったら、____先客（せんきゃく）がいた。

焼（や）きたてのパンを買（か）おうとした時（とき）には____売（う）り切（き）れでした。

____知（し）っているかもしれませんが、確認（かくにん）のためにもう一度（いちど）聞（き）いてください。

僕（ぼく）もメンバーに立候補（りっこうほ）しようと思（おも）っていたのですが、____決（き）まっていました。

そのアドレスは____使（つか）われているので、違（ちが）うのにしてください。

As a formal alternative to もう, the adverb 既（すで）に is used in Japanese as 'already'. Usually, 既（すで）に will come at the beginning of a phrase that it is clarifying as being 'already (A)'.

<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'>
<li data-study-question='181500'>
<li data-study-question='181501'>
</ul>

すでに has several nuances in Japanese beyond just 'already', let's take a look at a few of these possibilities:

のこらず - Nothing remaining.

あまねく - All around.

ことごとく - Altogether.

もはや - Already.

まぎれもなく - Beyond doubt.

These may all seem quite different, but together they show the full meaning of 既（すで）に very clearly. That meaning is 'to be completely unchanging'. Let's take a look at how すでに can be used with each of these nuances.

<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'>
<li data-study-question='181502'>
<li data-study-question='181503'>
<li data-study-question='181504'>
<li data-study-question='181505'>
<li data-study-question='181506'>
</ul>

<section class='caution'><h4>Caution</h4>
Due to 既（すで）に implying something absolutely cannot be changed, it is often used to imply that something is 'too late', and that nothing else can be done about it.

<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'>
<li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>電車（でんしゃ）はすでに出発（しゅっぱつ）しました。</div>

<div class='writeup-example--english'>The train has left already. (And there is nothing we can do about it)</div></li></ul></section>

Here and elsewhere the translation of 既に is almost always ‘already’ even when ‘too late’ could be meaningful. Is it due to the way how this word is really understood and used by Japanese? Is there another word to say ‘too late’ without ambiguity?

M Za

The basic meaning is always ‘implying something absolutely cannot be changed’. So rather than losing one of the meanings, its really the same one being changed around to better fit a translation.
Hope this helps!

Daru

ネーヴァ ギヴ アップ！！

Does anyone have an intuition on the difference in nuance between:
<ul>
<li>もうすでに</li>
<li>すでに</li>
</ul>
In general I have always thought of 既に to be a direct formality increase, but this suggests otherwise.

既(すで)にAlready, Too late

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