Structure
Verb［て］+ いる
Verb［て］+ る
Verb［て］ + とる
Details
Part of Speech
Conjunctive Particle
Word Type
Verb
Register
Standard
About ている③
The 3rd most common meaning (in no specific order) that ている is used for in Japanese, is the repetition of common activities. This is for things that are not 'continuing', but happen so often that they are considered to be continuous (like going to work, having a hobby, and similar things).
Due to いる being one of the verbs for 'existing' in Japanese, the ている form is closer to 'continuing to exist in a specific state', rather than (A)~ing in English. In this construction, it can be thought of as 'to be existing in the state of performing a regular activity'.
Caution
With this meaning of ている, to make it easier to understand, expressions of time are often used. This can be things like 毎日, 毎晩, 毎週, and similar phrases.
Fun Fact
Regularly in novels, manga, and specifically some parts of Japan, とる may be used instead of ている with the same meaning.
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俺、毎日勉強しとる。I study every day.
Synonyms
Examples
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俺は毎週金曜日の夜にスーパーに行っているのだ。
I go to the supermarket every Friday night. (I am going...)
ふうたろうさんは毎日みくさんと一緒に歴史を勉強している。
Fuutarou-san studies history every day with Miku. (Fuutarou-san is studying...)
魔王さまはバーガークイーンで働いています。
The Demon Lord works at Burger Queen. (The Demon Lord is working...)
この公園では毎週末多くの人が走っています。
Many people run in this park every weekend. (Many people are running...)
どうしてスティーブンはいつも黒いタートルネックを着ているのですか。
Why does Steven always wear a black turtleneck? (is wearing)
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ている③ – Grammar Discussion
Most Recent Replies (11 in total)
semanticman
I’m having trouble understanding the difference between when the “repetition of common activities” use of ている is different than the “habitual” sense of the basic non-past form.
In this lesson, we see the example:
毎晩 ９時 に寝 ている。I sleep at 9 every night. (This is a habit of the speaker)
While in the lesson for non-past, we see:
嫁 は毎晩 映画 を見 ます。My wife watches movies every night.
And many other examples seem equivalent.
ている #3 lesson example:
ばあさんは
毎晩 、薬 を飲 んどる。Grandmother takes medicin...
diddy_dante
For:
ひとみさんのお母さんは教師をしている。
Hitomi’s mother is a teacher. (Hitomi’s mother is doing…)would just ひとみさんのお母さんは教師です not also be fine? Is the usage of している significantly more common?
And also (I’m genuinely serious), regarding
“をやっている can also be used in this case, but it sounds more casual (and might sound a bit rude)”
Considering やる is also slang for to have sex (according to dictionary (JMdict)), how would you differentiate that Hitomi’s mother is a teacher vs Hitomi’s mother is doing a teacher?semanticman
This is still unanswered
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