Structure
Noun + および
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Formal
About および
及び is a word that functions as a conjunction meaning 'and' or 'as well as', but is originally the conjunctive form of 及ぶ, an う-Verb meaning 'to reach (A)', or 'to extend to (A)'. Although it is frequently translated simply as 'and', 及び is a grammar pattern that more literally reflects the meaning of the base verb 'to extend to (A)'.
Being a conjunction, 及び will primarily appear at the beginning of a second clause of a sentence, or directly following a noun that something else is 'in addition to'.
As 及び is considered a formal structure, it will primarily appear in documents, articles, and notifications.
Synonyms
Examples
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布団及び枕等はございます。
There are things like futons and pillows.
指輪及びネックレス等は外してください。
Please remove things like rings and necklaces.
憲法から:「国家は良心の自由及び信教の自由を保証すること。」
From the constitution: "The state guarantees freedom of conscience and religious liberty."
受付及び入館は8時からです。
Reception and entry begins at 8.
手帳及び日記等を見せてください。
Please show me things like your notebook and your diary.
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